The date of the celt was estimated at between 1500 BCE and 2000 BCE. According to Mahadevan, the find was evidence of the use of the Harappan language, and therefore that the 'Neolithic people of the Tamil country spoke a Harappan language'. According to epigraphist Iravatham Mahadevan, this was the first datable artefact bearing the Indus script to be found in Tamil Nadu. Indus valley script between 20 BCE Ī Neolithic stone celt (a hand-held axe) with the Indus script on it was discovered at Sembian-Kandiyur near Mayiladuthurai in Tamil Nadu. About 60 per cent of the total epigraphical inscriptions found by the ASI in India are from Tamil Nadu, and most of these are in the Tamil language. Adichanallur has been announced as an archaeological site for further excavation and studies. The ASI archaeologists have proposed that the script used at that site is 'very rudimentary' Tamil Brahmi. In Adichanallur, 24 km (15 mi) from Tirunelveli, archaeologists from the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) unearthed 169 clay urns containing human skulls, skeletons, bones, husks, grains of rice, charred rice and celts of the Neolithic period, 3,800 years ago. In Attirampakkam, archaeologists from the Sharma Centre for Heritage Education excavated ancient stone tools which suggests that a humanlike population existed in the Tamil Nadu region somewhere around 300,000 years before homo sapiens arrived from Africa. Its official language is Tamil, which is one of the longest-surviving classical languages in the world.Īrchaeological evidence points to this area being one of the longest continuous habitations in the Indian peninsula. It was ranked as one of the top seven developed states in India based on a 'Multidimensional Development Index' in a 2013 report published by the Reserve Bank of India. Tamil Nadu has the sixth highest ranking among Indian states in human development index.
The economy of Tamil Nadu is the second-largest state economy in India with ₹16.05 lakh crore (US$230 billion) in gross domestic product after Maharashtra and a per capita GDP of ₹186,000 (US$2,700). Tamil Nadu is the eleventh largest Indian state by area and the sixth largest by population. The state is home to a number of historic buildings, multi-religious pilgrimage sites, hill stations and three World Heritage sites. Modern-day Tamil Nadu was formed in 1956 after the reorganization of states on linguistic lines.
The British Colonial rule during the modern period led to the emergence of Chennai, then known as Madras, as a world-class city.
The region was ruled by several empires, including the three great empires – Chola, Chera, and Pandyan empires, which shape the region's cuisine, culture, and architecture. The state shares a maritime border with the nation of Sri Lanka. It is bounded by the Eastern Ghats on the north, by the Nilgiri Mountains, the Meghamalai Hills, and Kerala on the west, by the Bay of Bengal in the east, by the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait on the southeast, and by the Indian Ocean on the south. Tamil Nadu lies in the southernmost part of the Indian subcontinent and is bordered by the union territory of Puducherry and the South Indian states of Kerala, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh. Its capital and largest city is Chennai (formerly known as Madras). Tamil Nadu ( ( listen), lit.' Tamil Country'), formerly Madras State, is one of the 28 states of India. ^† Established in 1773 Madras State was formed in 1950 and renamed as Tamil Nadu on 14 January 1969 ^#Jana Gana Mana is the national anthem, while 'Invocation to Mother Tamil' is the state song/anthem.
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